domingo, 26 de diciembre de 2010

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RESUMEN

Las subdivisiones de terreno están relacionadas directamente con la topografía ya sea en su etapa de estudio para la definición de los lotes o hijuelas para los casos rurales, como también para definir zonas de restricción según la normativa vigente aplicable a este tipo de caso (planos reguladores comunales, ley de urbanismo y construcción, DFL 2695 del ministerio de bienes nacionales y ministerio de agricultura para el caso de los predios fuera de los limites urbanos)

El objetivo de las subdivisiones de terrenos, obedecen a diversas causas y propósitos, ya sea para el desarrollo de las comunas, mediante la densificación urbana, cambios de destino de los predios, por ejemplo de agrícola a habitacional o industrial, en resumen tienen objetivos muy variados y para cada caso en particular es importante conocer los procesos administrativos involucrados, como la legislación vigente que fija los parámetros administrativos y los procedimientos tanto jurídicos como técnicos para la aprobación de las mismas.
El desarrollo técnico de las subdivisiones de terreno está dividido en dos grandes etapas:
1.- La primera consiste en el levantamiento de la información base para el desarrollo del proyecto de subdivisión, esta etapa también recibe el nombre de catastro de terreno, en el se consideran todos los aspectos del terreno en las condiciones originales, para tal efecto estas coberturas de datos deben quedar bien definidas en el espacio. Este proceso recibe el nombre de georreferenciación de la información. Todo el resto de los datos de relleno del terreno levantado corresponden a una representación en sistemas de posicionamiento planimétrico y altimétrico del inmueble.
Posteriormente luego de confeccionado el plano topográfico del inmueble, se procede a confeccionar el proyecto de subdivisión del terreno. Teniendo en cuenta todas las consideraciones indicadas anteriormente, en lo que respecta a las disposiciones de normativas vigentes, dependiendo de la naturaleza del estudio y su finalidad.
Una vez realizado el estudio de la subdivisión y aprobado por el organismo competente, se da paso a la segunda etapa topográfica del trabajo.
Esta etapa constituye el proceso inverso de la primera, en donde se capturaron los datos de terreno para la confección de un plano topográfico, ahora lo que se requiere es la materialización de las proyecciones indicadas en el plano al terreno para conseguir la resultante y por ende las cabidas de los lotes resultantes de la subdivisión.

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